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China Suppliers of ASTM A213/A213M Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Tubes from Factory
Ordering Information
- Quantity (length, number of pieces)
- Material grade (e.g., T11, T22, TP304H)
- Dimensions (OD, wall thickness)
- Condition (e.g., annealed, cold-worked)
- Test requirements (hydrostatic / nondestructive testing)
- Certification or inspection needs
- Any additional requirements (e.g., special tolerances)
Main Stainless Steel & Alloy Grades
Ferritic Grades
- T5, T9, T11, T12, T22 (e.g., T22: 2.25Cr-1Mo)
- T91, T92 (9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb)
Austenitic Grades
- TP304/304H, TP316/316H (18Cr-8Ni)
- TP321/321H (Ti-stabilized)
- TP347/347H (Nb-stabilized)
- S31025 (Super 304H), S31254 (6Mo super austenitic)
Manufacturing & Heat Treatment
- Tubes are seamless, made by hot-working or cold-working.
- Heat treatment: austenitic grades are solution-annealed; ferritic grades are normalized and tempered.
Chemical Composition
- Strict limits for C, Mn, P, S, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo, etc.
- H-grade variants (e.g., TP304H) have higher carbon for creep resistance.
Mechanical Properties
- Tensile strength, yield strength, elongation per grade (e.g., TP304H: ≥515 MPa tensile).
- Hardness limits (e.g., ≤90 HRB for austenitic grades).
Inspection & Testing Requirements
- Hydrostatic testing (mandatory, unless replaced by nondestructive testing).
- Nondestructive testing (NDT): eddy current, ultrasonic, or pneumatic.
- Flattening, flare, or bend tests (if specified).
- Grain size verification for H-grades.
- Intergranular corrosion test (for austenitic grades, if required).
Certification & Marking
- Mill test reports (MTRs) must include chemical, mechanical, and test results.
- Marking: ASTM standard, grade, heat number, size, manufacturer's name.
Tolerance Requirements
- OD, wall thickness, length, and straightness tolerances are specified.
Main Applications
Used in boilers, superheaters, heat exchangers, and other high-pressure/temperature environments.
Main Steel Grades
Here is a concise list of the main steel grades in ASTM A213/A213M, along with their key chemical components and mechanical properties (based on the latest version of the standard).
Ferritic and Martensitic Grades
Low-Alloy Steels for High-Temperature Service
| Grade | UNS No. | Chemical Composition (Key Elements, %) | Mechanical Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| T5 | K51545 | 1.0Cr-0.5Mo (C≤0.15, Mn 0.30–0.60) | Tensile: ≥415 MPa | Yield: ≥205 MPa | Elong.: ≥30% |
| T9 | K90941 | 9Cr-1Mo (C 0.15–0.25, Si 0.25–1.0) | Tensile: ≥585 MPa | Yield: ≥380 MPa | Elong.: ≥20% |
| T11 | K11597 | 1.25Cr-0.5Mo-Si (C≤0.15) | Tensile: ≥415 MPa | Yield: ≥205 MPa | Elong.: ≥30% |
| T12 | K11562 | 1.25Cr-0.5Mo (C≤0.15) | Same as T11 |
| T22 | K21590 | 2.25Cr-1Mo (C≤0.15) | Tensile: ≥415 MPa | Yield: ≥205 MPa | Elong.: ≥30% |
| T91 | K90901 | 9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb (C 0.08–0.12) | Tensile: ≥585 MPa | Yield: ≥415 MPa | Elong.: ≥20% |
| T92 | K92460 | 9Cr-0.5Mo-2W-V-Nb (C 0.07–0.13) | Tensile: ≥620 MPa | Yield: ≥440 MPa | Elong.: ≥20% |
Austenitic Grades
Stainless Steels for Corrosion & Heat Resistance
| Grade | UNS No. | Chemical Composition (Key Elements, %) | Mechanical Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| TP304 | S30400 | 18Cr-8Ni (C≤0.08, Mn≤2.0) | Tensile: ≥515 MPa | Yield: ≥205 MPa | Elong.: ≥35% |
| TP304H | S30409 | 18Cr-8Ni (C 0.04–0.10) | Same as TP304 but higher creep strength |
| TP316 | S31600 | 16Cr-12Ni-2Mo (C≤0.08) | Tensile: ≥515 MPa | Yield: ≥205 MPa | Elong.: ≥35% |
| TP316H | S31609 | 16Cr-12Ni-2Mo (C 0.04–0.10) | Same as TP316 but higher creep strength |
| TP321 | S32100 | 18Cr-10Ni-Ti (C≤0.08, Ti≥5×C) | Tensile: ≥515 MPa | Yield: ≥205 MPa | Elong.: ≥35% |
| TP321H | S32109 | 18Cr-10Ni-Ti (C 0.04–0.10) | Same as TP321 but higher creep strength |
| TP347 | S34700 | 18Cr-10Ni-Nb (C≤0.08, Nb≥10×C) | Tensile: ≥515 MPa | Yield: ≥205 MPa | Elong.: ≥35% |
| TP347H | S34709 | 18Cr-10Ni-Nb (C 0.04–0.10) | Same as TP347 but higher creep strength |
| S31025 (Super 304H) | S31025 | 18Cr-9Ni-3Cu-Nb (C 0.07–0.13) | Tensile: ≥590 MPa | Yield: ≥240 MPa | Elong.: ≥35% |
| S31254 (6Mo Super Austenitic) | S31254 | 20Cr-18Ni-6Mo-0.2N (C≤0.02) | Tensile: ≥650 MPa | Yield: ≥300 MPa | Elong.: ≥35% |
Key Notes
- H-Grades (e.g., TP304H, TP316H) have higher carbon (0.04–0.10%) for improved creep resistance at high temperatures.
- Stabilized Grades (TP321/TP347) contain Ti or Nb to prevent chromium carbide precipitation (sensitization).
- Mechanical Properties are for annealed condition; cold-worked tubes may have higher strength but lower elongation.
-
Hardness Limits:
- Ferritic grades: Typically ≤250 HBW.
- Austenitic grades: ≤90 HRB (Rockwell B).
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is ASTM A213/A213M and what is it used for?
ASTM A213/A213M is a standard specification for seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater, and heat exchanger tubes. These tubes are designed for high-pressure and high-temperature service environments such as power generation boilers, superheaters, and industrial heat exchangers.
What is the difference between ferritic and austenitic grades in ASTM A213?
Ferritic grades (e.g., T5, T9, T22, T91, T92) are low-alloy steels with chromium and molybdenum, offering good strength at elevated temperatures. Austenitic grades (e.g., TP304, TP316, TP321, TP347) are stainless steels with higher chromium and nickel content, providing superior corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance at high temperatures.
What is the difference between standard grades and H-grades (e.g., TP304 vs. TP304H)?
H-grades contain a higher carbon content (0.04–0.10%) compared to their standard counterparts. This higher carbon level provides improved creep resistance at elevated temperatures, making H-grades more suitable for long-term, high-temperature service such as in superheaters and reheaters.
What testing and inspection are required for ASTM A213 tubes?
ASTM A213 requires hydrostatic testing as standard, which can be substituted with nondestructive testing (NDT) such as eddy current, ultrasonic, or pneumatic testing. Additional tests such as flattening, flare, or bend tests may be required if specified by the purchaser. Grain size verification is required for H-grades, and intergranular corrosion testing may be required for austenitic grades.
What information is needed when ordering ASTM A213 tubes?
When placing an order, purchasers must specify the quantity (length and number of pieces), material grade, dimensions (outer diameter and wall thickness), delivery condition (e.g., annealed or cold-worked), required testing (hydrostatic or NDT), certification or inspection requirements, and any special tolerances or additional requirements.
What certifications and markings are required for ASTM A213 tubes?
Each tube must be accompanied by a Mill Test Report (MTR) that includes chemical composition, mechanical test results, and any required inspection data. Tubes must be marked with the ASTM standard designation, material grade, heat number, size, and the manufacturer's name or trademark, ensuring full traceability.